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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Constructive fraud ： ウィキペディア英語版 Constructive fraud Constructive fraud is a legal fiction describing a situation where a person or entity gained an unfair advantage over another by deceitful or unfair methods. Intent does not need to be shown〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://data.opi.mt.gov/bills/mca/28/2/28-2-406.htm )〕 as in the case of actual fraud. Some unfair methods may include not telling customers about defects in a product.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://dictionary.law.com/default2.Asp?selected=318&bold= )〕 The elements are: * a duty owing by the party to be charged to the complaining party due to their relationship;〔A fiduciary duty is one such duty (Sees v Bank One ), footnote 8, page 3〕 * violation of that duty by the making of deceptive material misrepresentations of past or existing facts or remaining silent when a duty to speak exists; * reliance thereon by the complaining party; * injury to the complaining party as a proximate result thereof; and * the gaining of an advantage by the party to be charged at the expense of the complaining party. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Constructive fraud」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.